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add netcup ipv6 fbsd post

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Paul Wilde 2025-01-20 15:22:03 +00:00
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@ -4,8 +4,32 @@
<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://paulwilde.uk/atom.xml"/>
<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://paulwilde.uk"/>
<generator uri="https://www.getzola.org/">Zola</generator>
<updated>2025-01-09T15:29:42+00:00</updated>
<updated>2025-01-20T13:59:00+00:00</updated>
<id>https://paulwilde.uk/atom.xml</id>
<entry xml:lang="en">
<title>My Battle with Netcup, IPv6 and FreeBSD combination</title>
<published>2025-01-20T13:59:00+00:00</published>
<updated>2025-01-20T13:59:00+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>
Unknown
</name>
</author>
<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://paulwilde.uk/ponderings/my-battles-with-netcup-ipv6-on-freebsd/"/>
<id>https://paulwilde.uk/ponderings/my-battles-with-netcup-ipv6-on-freebsd/</id>
<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Recently I&#x27;ve started to migrate some of my VPS&#x27;s to &lt;a href=&quot;https:&#x2F;&#x2F;netcup.eu&quot;&gt;Netcup&lt;&#x2F;a&gt;
as I have found their offerings more performant, and less expensive, than other
VPS providers.&lt;br &#x2F;&gt;
However, it seems due to the way Netup&#x27;s IPv6 network is set up causes some issues
with FreeBSD, and allegedly other BSDs leading to loss of connectivity via IPv6.&lt;&#x2F;p&gt;
</summary>
</entry>
<entry xml:lang="en">
<title>Joining Debian Linux (Desktop) to an Active Directory Domain</title>
<published>2025-01-09T15:29:42+00:00</published>
@ -148,6 +172,28 @@ Wouldn’t it be great if it said&lt;&#x2F;p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;instead?&lt;&#x2F;p&gt;
</content>
</entry>
<entry xml:lang="en">
<title>Microsoft Exchange 365 Room Calendar - Subject Replaced by Organizer</title>
<published>2024-01-16T11:09:00+00:00</published>
<updated>2024-01-16T11:09:00+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>
Unknown
</name>
</author>
<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://paulwilde.uk/ponderings/ms-exchange-room-calendar-title-replaced-by-organiser/"/>
<id>https://paulwilde.uk/ponderings/ms-exchange-room-calendar-title-replaced-by-organiser/</id>
<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;I recently had a issue logged by a client where a room calendar in Microsoft Exchange 365,
when invited to a meeting, shows the organizer&#x27;s name in the subject instead of the actual subject.&lt;br &#x2F;&gt;
This may well be a desirable feature, but in the case it isn&#x27;t, this is how it can be resolved.&lt;&#x2F;p&gt;
</summary>
</entry>
<entry xml:lang="en">
<title>Gemini.css</title>

82
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@ -97,6 +97,50 @@
<div class="post on-list">
<h1 class="post-title"><a href="https://paulwilde.uk/ponderings/my-battles-with-netcup-ipv6-on-freebsd/">My Battle with Netcup, IPv6 and FreeBSD combination</a></h1>
<div class="post-meta-inline">
<span class="post-date">
2025-01-20
</span>
</div>
<span class="post-tags-inline">
:: tags:&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/bsd/">#bsd</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/freebsd/">#freebsd</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/ipv6/">#ipv6</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/netcup/">#netcup</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/networking/">#networking</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/sysadmin/">#sysadmin</a></span>
<div class="post-content">
<p>Recently I've started to migrate some of my VPS's to <a href="https://netcup.eu">Netcup</a>
as I have found their offerings more performant, and less expensive, than other
VPS providers.<br />
However, it seems due to the way Netup's IPv6 network is set up causes some issues
with FreeBSD, and allegedly other BSDs leading to loss of connectivity via IPv6.</p>
</div>
<div>
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<span class="button__icon">&#8617;&#xFE0E;</span>
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<h1 class="post-title"><a href="https://paulwilde.uk/ponderings/joining-debian-to-ad-domain/">Joining Debian Linux (Desktop) to an Active Directory Domain</a></h1>
@ -183,45 +227,7 @@ The whole thing is starting to snowball, so this is my statement.</p>
<div class="post on-list">
<h1 class="post-title"><a href="https://paulwilde.uk/ponderings/norg/">Norg Backup Utility</a></h1>
<div class="post-meta-inline">
<span class="post-date">
2024-08-18
</span>
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<span class="post-tags-inline">
:: tags:&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/backups/">#backups</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/borgbackup/">#borgbackup</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/development/">#development</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/freebsd/">#freebsd</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/linux/">#linux</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/nim/">#nim</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/tools/">#tools</a></span>
<div class="post-content">
<h1 id="norg">Norg</h1>
<p>A simple, portable, wrapper for the <a href="https://www.borgbackup.org">borg backup</a> and <a href="https://restic.net">restic</a> utilities written in Nim.</p>
</div>
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@ -81,6 +81,49 @@
<div class="posts">
<div class="post on-list">
<h1 class="post-title"><a href="https://paulwilde.uk/ponderings/my-battles-with-netcup-ipv6-on-freebsd/">My Battle with Netcup, IPv6 and FreeBSD combination</a></h1>
<div class="post-meta-inline">
<span class="post-date">
2025-01-20
</span>
</div>
<span class="post-tags-inline">
:: tags:&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/bsd/">#bsd</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/freebsd/">#freebsd</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/ipv6/">#ipv6</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/netcup/">#netcup</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/networking/">#networking</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/sysadmin/">#sysadmin</a></span>
<div class="post-content">
<p>Recently I've started to migrate some of my VPS's to <a href="https://netcup.eu">Netcup</a>
as I have found their offerings more performant, and less expensive, than other
VPS providers.<br />
However, it seems due to the way Netup's IPv6 network is set up causes some issues
with FreeBSD, and allegedly other BSDs leading to loss of connectivity via IPv6.</p>
</div>
<div>
<!-- &#xFE0E; -- force text style - some devices render this as emoji -->
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<h1 class="post-title"><a href="https://paulwilde.uk/ponderings/joining-debian-to-ad-domain/">Joining Debian Linux (Desktop) to an Active Directory Domain</a></h1>
<div class="post-meta-inline">
@ -321,6 +364,44 @@ Wouldn’t it be great if it said</p>
<div class="post on-list">
<h1 class="post-title"><a href="https://paulwilde.uk/ponderings/ms-exchange-room-calendar-title-replaced-by-organiser/">Microsoft Exchange 365 Room Calendar - Subject Replaced by Organizer</a></h1>
<div class="post-meta-inline">
<span class="post-date">
2024-01-16
</span>
</div>
<span class="post-tags-inline">
:: tags:&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/exchange/">#exchange</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/microsoft/">#microsoft</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/sysadmin/">#sysadmin</a></span>
<div class="post-content">
<p>I recently had a issue logged by a client where a room calendar in Microsoft Exchange 365,
when invited to a meeting, shows the organizer's name in the subject instead of the actual subject.<br />
This may well be a desirable feature, but in the case it isn't, this is how it can be resolved.</p>
</div>
<div>
<!-- &#xFE0E; -- force text style - some devices render this as emoji -->
<a class="read-more button" href="https://paulwilde.uk/ponderings/ms-exchange-room-calendar-title-replaced-by-organiser/">
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<span class="button__icon">&#8617;&#xFE0E;</span>
</a>
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<div class="post-meta-inline">
@ -384,74 +465,6 @@ Wouldn’t it be great if it said</p>
</div>
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<h1 class="post-title"><a href="https://paulwilde.uk/ponderings/freshgpt/">AI Search</a></h1>
<div class="post-meta-inline">
<span class="post-date">
2023-02-16
</span>
</div>
<span class="post-tags-inline">
:: tags:&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/code/">#code</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/funny/">#funny</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/poems/">#poems</a></span>
<div class="post-content">
<p>This is a story all about how<br />
Your query got twist-turned upside down<br />
And I'd like to show an answer just sit right there<br />
It might not be fully accurate but I don't care</p>
</div>
</div>
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<h1 class="post-title"><a href="https://paulwilde.uk/ponderings/turning-off-birdsitelive/">Why I have turned off my BirdsiteLIVE instance</a></h1>
<div class="post-meta-inline">
<span class="post-date">
2022-12-21
</span>
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<span class="post-tags-inline">
:: tags:&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/fediverse/">#fediverse</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/tech/">#tech</a></span>
<div class="post-content">
<p>Hello. How are you? I am fine.<br />
<br />
You may know me from a few places, but likely on the Fediverse as the person that
maintains a BirdsiteLIVE instance with the url <a href="https://birdsite.wilde.cloud">birdsite.wilde.cloud</a>.</p>
</div>
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@ -279,6 +279,13 @@ Either log in using the desktop login screen, or from a terminal enter:</p>
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<h1 class="post-title"><a href="https://paulwilde.uk/ponderings/ms-exchange-room-calendar-title-replaced-by-organiser/">Microsoft Exchange 365 Room Calendar - Subject Replaced by Organizer</a></h1>
<div class="post-meta-inline">
<span class="post-date">
2024-01-16
</span>
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:: tags:&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/exchange/">#exchange</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/microsoft/">#microsoft</a>&nbsp;
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<p>I recently had a issue logged by a client where a room calendar in Microsoft Exchange 365,
when invited to a meeting, shows the organizer's name in the subject instead of the actual subject.<br />
This may well be a desirable feature, but in the case it isn't, this is how it can be resolved.</p>
<span id="continue-reading"></span>
<p>Room calendars are useful for booking meetings which will take place in a room in an office. Normally, the process would be for somebody to have delegate permissions on this calendar, allowing them to enter a calendar entry into this calendar and invite the required attendees. In this case, everything works well - the room shows the event, including subject and content and invited parties can accept to reject the event depending on their availability.</p>
<p>However, sometimes somebody wishes to create an event in their own calendar, and invite the room calendar to that event. In this case, it appears the default option is for the event in the room calendar to have its subject and content replaced by the organisers details. I'm sure this makes sense in some cases, but my client in this case does not find this desirable. Luckily, there is a solution.</p>
<h3 id="powershell-to-the-rescue">Powershell to the rescue!</h3>
<p>A single Powershell command can be used to set some options on a calendar to change the way that calendars processing works.<br />
First, connect to Exchange Online:</p>
<pre data-lang="pwsh" style="background-color:#212121;color:#eeffff;" class="language-pwsh "><code class="language-pwsh" data-lang="pwsh"><span>Connect-ExchangeOnline
</span></code></pre>
<p>Once connected, you can issue the following command to show the current options for a particular calendar's processing:</p>
<pre data-lang="pwsh" style="background-color:#212121;color:#eeffff;" class="language-pwsh "><code class="language-pwsh" data-lang="pwsh"><span>Get-CalendarProcessing - Identity &quot;{The Calendar Name}&quot; | fl
</span></code></pre>
<p>Which should show something like the below:</p>
<pre data-lang="pwsh" style="background-color:#212121;color:#eeffff;" class="language-pwsh "><code class="language-pwsh" data-lang="pwsh"><span>AutomateProcessing : AutoAccept
</span><span>AllowConflicts : False
</span><span>AllowDistributionGroup : True
</span><span>AllowMultipleResources : True
</span><span>BookingType : Standard
</span><span>BookingWindowInDays : 180
</span><span>MaximumDurationInMinutes : 1440
</span><span>MinimumDurationInMinutes : 0
</span><span>AllowRecurringMeetings : True
</span><span>EnforceAdjacencyAsOverlap : False
</span><span>EnforceCapacity : False
</span><span>EnforceSchedulingHorizon : True
</span><span>ScheduleOnlyDuringWorkHours : False
</span><span>ConflictPercentageAllowed : 0
</span><span>MaximumConflictInstances : 0
</span><span>ForwardRequestsToDelegates : True
</span><span>DeleteAttachments : True
</span><span>DeleteComments : True
</span><span>RemovePrivateProperty : True
</span><span>DeleteSubject : True
</span><span>AddOrganizerToSubject : True
</span><span>DeleteNonCalendarItems : True
</span><span>TentativePendingApproval : True
</span><span>EnableResponseDetails : True
</span><span>OrganizerInfo : True
</span><span>ResourceDelegates : {**Names of delegates are here**}
</span><span>RequestOutOfPolicy : {}
</span><span>AllRequestOutOfPolicy : False
</span><span>BookInPolicy : {}
</span><span>AllBookInPolicy : False
</span><span>RequestInPolicy : {}
</span><span>AllRequestInPolicy : True
</span><span>AddAdditionalResponse : False
</span><span>AdditionalResponse :
</span><span>RemoveOldMeetingMessages : True
</span><span>AddNewRequestsTentatively : True
</span><span>ProcessExternalMeetingMessages : False
</span><span>RemoveForwardedMeetingNotifications : False
</span><span>AutoRSVPConfiguration : Microsoft.Exchange.Data.Storage.AutoRSVPConfiguration
</span><span>RemoveCanceledMeetings : False
</span><span>EnableAutoRelease : False
</span><span>PostReservationMaxClaimTimeInMinutes : 10
</span><span>MailboxOwnerId : Room Calendar Name
</span><span>Identity : Room Calendar Name
</span><span>IsValid : True
</span><span>ObjectState : Changed
</span></code></pre>
<p>You'll see there are a few options set to "True" which could be toggled - <code>Delete Subject</code>, <code>Delete Comments</code> and <code>Delete Attachments</code> - they should be fairly self explanitory.
You can toggle these options by issuing the following command:</p>
<pre data-lang="pwsh" style="background-color:#212121;color:#eeffff;" class="language-pwsh "><code class="language-pwsh" data-lang="pwsh"><span>Set-CalendarProcessing -Identity &quot;Room Calendar Name&quot; -DeleteComments $false -DeleteSubject $false -DeleteAttachments $false
</span></code></pre>
<p>This simply disables those options, so now the subject, comments and attachments will not be deleted when the calendar processes the event.<br />
There is one further options which may, or may not, be helpful to disable - <code>AddOrganizerToSubject</code>. This option adds the organizer's name to the start of the Subject. This may be useful, but my client also wanted this switched off which can be done with the following command (or, indeed, adding the flag to the previous command).</p>
<pre data-lang="pwsh" style="background-color:#212121;color:#eeffff;" class="language-pwsh "><code class="language-pwsh" data-lang="pwsh"><span>Set-CalendarProcessing -Identity &quot;Room Calendar Name&quot; -AddOrganizerToSubject $false
</span></code></pre>
<p>And there we are, new events now will appear in the calendar as desired - with full Subject, Comments and Attachments.<br />
Previous entries will not update automatically, the organizer must go into each one and re-send it (no need to change anything, just re-send it and press "Send Anyway") which will update the event in the room calendar as desired.</p>
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<h1 class="post-title"><a href="https://paulwilde.uk/ponderings/my-battles-with-netcup-ipv6-on-freebsd/">My Battle with Netcup, IPv6 and FreeBSD combination</a></h1>
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2025-01-20
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:: tags:&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/bsd/">#bsd</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/freebsd/">#freebsd</a>&nbsp;
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<p>Recently I've started to migrate some of my VPS's to <a href="https://netcup.eu">Netcup</a>
as I have found their offerings more performant, and less expensive, than other
VPS providers.<br />
However, it seems due to the way Netup's IPv6 network is set up causes some issues
with FreeBSD, and allegedly other BSDs leading to loss of connectivity via IPv6.</p>
<span id="continue-reading"></span>
<p>I have moved to Netcup for a few reasons: 1. expense, 2. experienced better performance than my previous provider, and 3. ability to provide my own ISOs for OS install.<br />
Netcup in my experience are great, I have a few Debian systems with them that have been super reliable.<br />
But, I want to use FreeBSD for my projects, so my new VPSs run FreeBSD.</p>
<h3 id="the-issue">The Issue</h3>
<p>All is well on the IPv4 front, the DHCP client picks up my provided IPv4 address and connectivity is there, great. I still manually set it statically for consistency, but either way it works great.<br />
IPv6 however, different story. FreeBSD doesn't seem to get it's provided IPv6 address via
SLAAC, so no address gets associated. That's OK though, I can set it statically in
<code>rc.conf</code>. Netcup provide a /64 IPv6 subnet for each VPS, so I can pick any IPv6 in the range
they have provided, but they also sent one via email, so I'll just use that for now.</p>
<pre data-lang="conf" style="background-color:#212121;color:#eeffff;" class="language-conf "><code class="language-conf" data-lang="conf"><span style="color:#89ddff;">...
</span><span style="color:#f78c6c;">ifconfig_vtnet0_ipv6</span><span style="color:#89ddff;">=</span><span style="color:#c3e88d;">&quot;inet6 2a03:4000:AAAA:BBBB:cccc:dddd:eeee:ffff/64&quot;
</span><span style="color:#89ddff;">...
</span></code></pre>
<p><code>2a03:4000</code> is Netcup's network I believe with <code>AAAA</code> defining a certain part of that network.<br />
<code>BBBB</code> is the subnet provided to me with <code>cccc:dddd:eeee:ffff</code> being the range of address I can use in that subnet.</p>
<p>Netcup's IPv6 network is switched, not routed, I'm sure there's a reason for this, and I'm sure it's sensible, but for now the important bit is that the IPv6 gateway should always be <code>fe80::1%vtnet0</code> (where <code>vtnet0</code> is the external interface name) rather than another <code>2a03:4000::AAAA:BBBB</code> IPv6 address. I pop that into my <code>rc.conf</code> as well.</p>
<pre style="background-color:#212121;color:#eeffff;"><code><span>...
</span><span>ipv6_defaultrouter=&quot;fe80::1%vtnet0&quot;
</span><span>...
</span></code></pre>
<p>Reboot the VPS, and all works well. <code>ping6</code>s work, <code>curl</code>s to IPv6 addresses work, incoming IPv6 connections work. Great! Done...</p>
<p>Not Done.</p>
<p>After about 10 minutes of connectivity, IPv6 just drops out. <code>ping6</code>s fail, <code>curl</code>s fail, no connectivity on IPv6 from the outside world. Drat.<br />
Reboot the VPS again... oh, it's back. Great. Wait a few minutes, it goes again. Reboot, back, wait, gone. And so on.</p>
<h3 id="tests-and-research">Tests and Research</h3>
<p>Obviously the first thing I'm thinking is firewall. So I disable <code>pf</code> and reboot and wait again - no difference, IPv6 just stops working after a few minutes.</p>
<p>In my fairly inexperienced IPv6 knowledge (it's not big in the UK... yet), using <code>fe80::1</code> as a gateway feels weird, so I try a <code>traceroute6 anyaddress.com</code> to see what the first hope on the route is (it must be my actual gateway, right?) and pop that address into my <code>ipv6_defaultrouter=</code> config in <code>rc.conf</code>.<br />
Reboot... no joy, no IPv6 connectivity at all. OK, I set that back.</p>
<p>I browse the netcup forums a bit, find a handful of posts of people experiencing the same issue. Some refer to people leasing an additional IPv6 lease from Netcup and using that instead which allegedly works for them. I did this, it did not work for me - the IPv6 worked, for about 10 minutes again, then dropped off as before.<br />
FreeBSD forums is the same sort of thing, articles from a few years ago.</p>
<p>Both forums seem to have posts saying the issue lies in the fact the IPv6 address and [actual] gateway exist in different subnets.
My simple understanding of this is: the gateway may have address <code>2a03:4000:AAAA::2</code> which is in a /48 subnet, and my VPS may have IPv6 address <code>2a03:4000:AAAA:BBBB::1234</code> which is a /64 subnet. Because they do not exist on the same subnet, <em>something</em> happens at some point to stop them being able to communicate. I believe this "<em>something</em>" is to do with Netcup's switching (rather than routing).</p>
<p>Of the people experiencing this, some have had the IPv6 Connectivity come back and drop off again on its own. I haven't experienced this, but perhaps I'm just impatient.</p>
<p>So, <a href="https://forums.freebsd.org/threads/netcup-ipv6-intermittant.96489/">I write a post on the FreeBSD forums</a> with a bit of information of things I've tried asking for help. I like this to a <a href="https://notnull.space/@paul/statuses/01JHZK2YK2JXJ49NW1V1CV2Y1F">Fediverse post</a> and wait for responses. It doesn't take long.</p>
<h3 id="switching-the-subnet">Switching the subnet</h3>
<p><code>@fab</code> responds with the idea of using a /48 prefix instead of /64.
Given what I have learned up to this point, this could make sense - the gateway is in a /48 of the same first 48 bits of my /64 subnet (<code>2a03:4000:AAAA</code>)
after all, so why not put my IPv6 in that same subnet. It <em>could</em> cause issues with communication with other servers in different /64 subnets within the same /48 subnet, but let's risk it for now.</p>
<p>Unfortunately, I experience the same issues again here. After about 10 minutes the connectivity drops off. Reboot, OK, wait, gone.</p>
<h3 id="learn-german">Learn German</h3>
<p>Maybe it's because I'm a native English speaker that I didn't do this before, but I
thought I'd look more in depth at the Netcup forums and found <a href="https://forum.netcup.de/administration-of-a-server-vserver/vserver-server-kvm-server/p166679-freebsd-12-1-probleme-ipv6/#post166679">this thread by a German speaker having the same issues</a>. Fortunately, in browser translate was able to translate it for me and I was able to get the gist of what was going on.<br />
<a href="https://forum.netcup.de/administration-of-a-server-vserver/vserver-server-kvm-server/p166679-freebsd-12-1-probleme-ipv6/#post166679">This post in particular</a> was interesting, along with <a href="https://forum.netcup.de/administration-of-a-server-vserver/vserver-server-kvm-server/p166782-freebsd-12-1-probleme-ipv6/#post166782">this post by the same author</a> - they suggest two things I've tried before - using a /48 prefix instead of /64, and setting a route for the actual gateway address (not the <code>fe80::1</code> address), but I didn't try them both at the same time!</p>
<h2 id="let-s-try-those-together">Let's try those together!</h2>
<p>I'll get my default gateway via <code>traceroute6</code> again</p>
<pre data-lang="sh" style="background-color:#212121;color:#eeffff;" class="language-sh "><code class="language-sh" data-lang="sh"><span style="color:#89ddff;">&gt;</span><span> traceroute6 </span><span style="color:#82aaff;">netcup.de
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">traceroute6 to netcup.de (2a03:4000::e01e</span><span>) </span><span style="color:#82aaff;">from 2a03:4000:AAAA:BBBB:cccc:dddd:eeee:ffff, 64 hops max, 28 byte packets
</span><span> </span><span style="color:#82aaff;">1 2a03:4000:AAAA::2 0.472 ms 1.058 ms 0.604 ms
</span></code></pre>
<p>Pop that in my <code>rc.conf</code> and also change my prefix to /48 while I'm there.</p>
<pre data-lang="conf" style="background-color:#212121;color:#eeffff;" class="language-conf "><code class="language-conf" data-lang="conf"><span style="color:#89ddff;">...
</span><span style="color:#f78c6c;">ifconfig_vtnet0_ipv6</span><span style="color:#89ddff;">=</span><span style="color:#c3e88d;">&quot;inet6 2a03:4000:AAAA:BBBB:cccc:dddd:eeee:ffff/64&quot;
</span><span style="color:#f78c6c;">ipv6_defaultrouter</span><span style="color:#89ddff;">=</span><span style="color:#c3e88d;">&quot;2a03:4000:AAAA::2&quot;
</span><span style="color:#89ddff;">...
</span></code></pre>
<p>Reboot. It's working. Wait. It's still working! Wait a little longer. Still working!<br />
This is progress! <code>ping6</code>s and <code>curl</code>s are working great!<br />
Oh, incoming connections aren't so good...</p>
<pre data-lang="sh" style="background-color:#212121;color:#eeffff;" class="language-sh "><code class="language-sh" data-lang="sh"><span style="font-style:italic;color:#4a4a4a;"># From another host
</span><span style="color:#89ddff;">&gt;</span><span> ping6 </span><span style="color:#82aaff;">2a03:4000:AAAA:BBBB:cccc:dddd:eeee:ffff
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">...
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">From 2a00:11c0:AA:B::fff icmp_seq=4 Destination unreachable: Address unreachable
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">From 2a00:11c0:AA:B::fff icmp_seq=5 Destination unreachable: Address unreachable
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">From 2a00:11c0:AA:B::fff icmp_seq=6 Destination unreachable: Address unreachable
</span></code></pre>
<p>So <code>ping6</code>s go out OK, but nothing is coming in.</p>
<h3 id="switching-not-routing">Switching, not routing</h3>
<p>As previously mentioned, Netcup switches their IPv6 addresses, they don't route them.
I'm not going to pretend I know exactly what this means, but it feels to me that it's
likely the gateway could "switch" periodically, and in normal circumstances the <code>fe80::1</code> can be aware of this and cater for it, just not for the BSDs.</p>
<h4 id="i-wonder">I wonder...</h4>
<p>Maybe... I could try switching my default route to another gateway IP? <a href="https://forum.netcup.de/administration-of-a-server-vserver/vserver-server-kvm-server/p166679-freebsd-12-1-probleme-ipv6/#post166679">This Post on the Netcup thread</a> seems to suggest there could be a number of <code>2a03:4000:AAAA::X</code> gateways that could be routers...</p>
<pre data-lang="sh" style="background-color:#212121;color:#eeffff;" class="language-sh "><code class="language-sh" data-lang="sh"><span style="color:#82aaff;">route</span><span style="color:#89ddff;"> -</span><span style="color:#f78c6c;">6</span><span style="color:#82aaff;"> add default 2a03:4000:AAAA::3
</span></code></pre>
<p>Meanwhile on another host...</p>
<pre data-lang="sh" style="background-color:#212121;color:#eeffff;" class="language-sh "><code class="language-sh" data-lang="sh"><span style="color:#82aaff;">...
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">From 2a00:11c0:AA:B::fff icmp_seq=4 Destination unreachable: Address unreachable
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">From 2a00:11c0:AA:B::fff icmp_seq=5 Destination unreachable: Address unreachable
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">From 2a00:11c0:AA:B::fff icmp_seq=6 Destination unreachable: Address unreachable
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">64 bytes from 2a03:4000:AAAA:BBBB:cccc:dddd:eeee:ffff: icmp_seq=1308 ttl=48 time=5.62 ms
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">64 bytes from 2a03:4000:AAAA:BBBB:cccc:dddd:eeee:ffff: icmp_seq=1309 ttl=48 time=4.81 ms
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">64 bytes from 2a03:4000:AAAA:BBBB:cccc:dddd:eeee:ffff: icmp_seq=1310 ttl=48 time=5.04 ms
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">64 bytes from 2a03:4000:AAAA:BBBB:cccc:dddd:eeee:ffff: icmp_seq=1311 ttl=48 time=4.80 ms
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">...
</span></code></pre>
<p>PROGRESS!</p>
<h3 id="all-good-things">All Good things...</h3>
<p>At this point I'm excited. I switch my <code>rc.conf</code> to use that different gateway. I haven't rebooted yet but I see no reason to just yet. Right now I'm at about <code>icmp_seq=5000</code> on my outgoing <code>ping6</code>s and incoming are still successful. But... on my remote server...</p>
<pre data-lang="sh" style="background-color:#212121;color:#eeffff;" class="language-sh "><code class="language-sh" data-lang="sh"><span style="color:#82aaff;">64 bytes from 2a03:4000:AAAA:BBBB:cccc:dddd:eeee:ffff: icmp_seq=4504 ttl=48 time=4.86 ms
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">64 bytes from 2a03:4000:AAAA:BBBB:cccc:dddd:eeee:ffff: icmp_seq=4505 ttl=48 time=4.93 ms
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">64 bytes from 2a03:4000:AAAA:BBBB:cccc:dddd:eeee:ffff: icmp_seq=4506 ttl=48 time=4.81 ms
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">64 bytes from 2a03:4000:AAAA:BBBB:cccc:dddd:eeee:ffff: icmp_seq=4507 ttl=48 time=4.87 ms
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">From 2a00:11c0:AA:B::fff icmp_seq=508 Destination unreachable: Address unreachable
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">From 2a00:11c0:AA:B::fff icmp_seq=509 Destination unreachable: Address unreachable
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">From 2a00:11c0:AA:B::fff icmp_seq=510 Destination unreachable: Address unreachable
</span></code></pre>
<p>Drat!<br />
Outgoing <code>ping6</code>s still seem OK though... let's switch that default route again</p>
<pre data-lang="sh" style="background-color:#212121;color:#eeffff;" class="language-sh "><code class="language-sh" data-lang="sh"><span style="color:#82aaff;">route</span><span style="color:#89ddff;"> -</span><span style="color:#f78c6c;">6</span><span style="color:#82aaff;"> add default 2a03:4000:AAAA::2
</span></code></pre>
<p>and on the other server:</p>
<pre data-lang="sh" style="background-color:#212121;color:#eeffff;" class="language-sh "><code class="language-sh" data-lang="sh"><span style="color:#82aaff;">...
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">From 2a00:11c0:AA:B::fff icmp_seq=4 Destination unreachable: Address unreachable
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">From 2a00:11c0:AA:B::fff icmp_seq=5 Destination unreachable: Address unreachable
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">From 2a00:11c0:AA:B::fff icmp_seq=6 Destination unreachable: Address unreachable
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">64 bytes from 2a03:4000:AAAA:BBBB:cccc:dddd:eeee:ffff: icmp_seq=6323 ttl=48 time=5.42 ms
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">64 bytes from 2a03:4000:AAAA:BBBB:cccc:dddd:eeee:ffff: icmp_seq=6324 ttl=48 time=4.72 ms
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">64 bytes from 2a03:4000:AAAA:BBBB:cccc:dddd:eeee:ffff: icmp_seq=6325 ttl=48 time=5.14 ms
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">64 bytes from 2a03:4000:AAAA:BBBB:cccc:dddd:eeee:ffff: icmp_seq=6326 ttl=48 time=4.94 ms
</span><span style="color:#82aaff;">...
</span></code></pre>
<p>OK, so I can dynamically bring connectivity back if/when it drops. I can probably script this in some way to happen automatically too. Is it perfect? No, but it's something.</p>
<h3 id="request-for-comments">Request for Comments</h3>
<p>This is where I am right now. I have a sort-of almost stable IPv6 connection that works most of the time, but it's nowhere near ideal. I am continuing my research and I will update this post if/when I discover anything that stablises it completely.<br />
In the meantime, I welcome any comments about things that I could do further to help, or, indeed, comments for reasons why I should not have done any of the above. I'm familiar with networks, but with IPv6 being ignored in the UK my knowledge of it is a little lacking.</p>
<p>If you want to send any comments, please do so either on <a href="https://forums.freebsd.org/threads/netcup-ipv6-intermittant.96489/#post-686757">this FreeBSD Forum thread</a> or on <a href="https://notnull.space/@paul/statuses/01JHZK2YK2JXJ49NW1V1CV2Y1F">this Fediverse thread</a>.</p>
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<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/recipes/">#recipes</a></span>
<div class="post-content">
<p>If you have a bread maker:</p>
<ol>
<li>add the water, salt, sugar, herbs, oil, flour and yeast/sourdough starter
<strong>IN THAT ORDER</strong> to the bread maker's container.
<ul>
<li>You <em>must</em> add them in that order, or at least water first else the
mixture will not mix correctly.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>set the bread maker to its "dough" setting and set it going - job done!<br />
(P.S. you can just use this same recipe as a regular bread too - just set the
bread maker to the regular "bread" mode)</li>
<li>At this point I normally transfer the dough to a suitable container and
cover it to let it rise.</li>
</ol>
<p>Without a bread maker:</p>
<ol>
<li>add the flour, salt, sugar, herbs and yeast/sourdough starter to the
large mixing bowl and dry mix them all together.</li>
<li>form a well in the middle of the flour mixture and slowly pour in the
water bit by bit, mixing the flour mixture into the water as you go</li>
<li>continue to mix the flour and water mixture, you're going to need to use
your hands, but give it a good mix until everything is mixed together well.
<ul>
<li>you want the dough to still be a bit wet, so if it's dry, add a bit more
water</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>dust the large chopping board with flour and turn out the wet-ish dough
ball onto the board.</li>
<li>Knead the dough, <em>a lot!</em> Just keep kneading, adding more flour if
necessary.
<ul>
<li>As you knead you'll noticed the dough ball become more smooth and
springy, but it will also feel "stronger"</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Once the ball is nice and firm, but still springy, place it into a suitable
container and cover to let it rise.</li>
</ol>
<p>After a few hours of rising time (longer if you're using sourdough starter)
your dough will, hopefully, have risen enormously. You can now use it.
I'll be adding recipes for <a href="/recipes/">pizzas</a>, <a href="/recipes/">naans</a> and other
things that use this dough here, eventually.</p>
</div>
</div>

94
ponderings/page/3/index.html
View file

@ -81,6 +81,100 @@
<div class="posts">
<div class="post on-list">
<h1 class="post-title"><a href="https://paulwilde.uk/ponderings/rossrates/">Ross Rates</a></h1>
<div class="post-meta-inline">
<span class="post-date">
2021-04-06
</span>
</div>
<span class="post-tags-inline">
:: tags:&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/website/">#website</a></span>
<div class="post-content">
<p>Rate Stuff with Ross, quite simple.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="post on-list">
<h1 class="post-title"><a href="https://paulwilde.uk/ponderings/basicdough/">Basic Dough Recipe</a></h1>
<div class="post-meta-inline">
<span class="post-date">
2021-04-01
</span>
</div>
<span class="post-tags-inline">
:: tags:&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/dough/">#dough</a>&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/recipes/">#recipes</a></span>
<div class="post-content">
<p>If you have a bread maker:</p>
<ol>
<li>add the water, salt, sugar, herbs, oil, flour and yeast/sourdough starter
<strong>IN THAT ORDER</strong> to the bread maker's container.
<ul>
<li>You <em>must</em> add them in that order, or at least water first else the
mixture will not mix correctly.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>set the bread maker to its "dough" setting and set it going - job done!<br />
(P.S. you can just use this same recipe as a regular bread too - just set the
bread maker to the regular "bread" mode)</li>
<li>At this point I normally transfer the dough to a suitable container and
cover it to let it rise.</li>
</ol>
<p>Without a bread maker:</p>
<ol>
<li>add the flour, salt, sugar, herbs and yeast/sourdough starter to the
large mixing bowl and dry mix them all together.</li>
<li>form a well in the middle of the flour mixture and slowly pour in the
water bit by bit, mixing the flour mixture into the water as you go</li>
<li>continue to mix the flour and water mixture, you're going to need to use
your hands, but give it a good mix until everything is mixed together well.
<ul>
<li>you want the dough to still be a bit wet, so if it's dry, add a bit more
water</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>dust the large chopping board with flour and turn out the wet-ish dough
ball onto the board.</li>
<li>Knead the dough, <em>a lot!</em> Just keep kneading, adding more flour if
necessary.
<ul>
<li>As you knead you'll noticed the dough ball become more smooth and
springy, but it will also feel "stronger"</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Once the ball is nice and firm, but still springy, place it into a suitable
container and cover to let it rise.</li>
</ol>
<p>After a few hours of rising time (longer if you're using sourdough starter)
your dough will, hopefully, have risen enormously. You can now use it.
I'll be adding recipes for <a href="/recipes/">pizzas</a>, <a href="/recipes/">naans</a> and other
things that use this dough here, eventually.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="post on-list">
<h1 class="post-title"><a href="https://paulwilde.uk/ponderings/unphoneticabc/">Unphonetic ABC</a></h1>
<div class="post-meta-inline">

2
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@ -150,6 +161,9 @@
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144
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@ -93,6 +93,21 @@ Tag: freebsd | Paul&#x27;s Site of Stuff</title>
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<a href="https://paulwilde.uk/ponderings/my-battles-with-netcup-ipv6-on-freebsd/">
<span class="post-date">2025-01-20T13:59:00+00:00</span>
:: <span class="post-list-title">My Battle with Netcup, IPv6 and FreeBSD combination</span></a>
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::
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/bsd/">#bsd</a>,
<a class="post-tag" href="https://paulwilde.uk/tags/freebsd/">#freebsd</a>,
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